Voleybol Sporcularında 8 Haftalık Core Egzersı̇zı̇ Yüklerı̇nin Algılanan Zorluk Derecesı̇ne Göre Uygulanmasının Fı̇zı̇ksel Fı̇tness Sevı̇yelerı̇ne Etkı̇sı̇
Voleybol Sporcularında 8 Haftalık Core Egzersı̇zı̇ Yüklerı̇nin Algılanan Zorluk Derecesı̇ne Göre Uygulanmasının Fı̇zı̇ksel Fı̇tness Sevı̇yelerı̇ne Etkı̇sı̇
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Abstract
Vücut merkez bölge egzersizleri ile sporcuların bazı motorik becerileri üzerine etkilerini inceleyen araştırmalar mevcuttur. Ancak sporcuların algıladıkları zorluk derecesine göre veya belirlenmiş set ve süreler ile uygulanan vücut merkez bölge kuvvet egzersizleri sonrasında sporcuların fiziksel fitness seviyeleri üzerine etkilerini inceleyen bir araştırmaya rastlanmamıştır. Bu tez araştırmasının amacı da 8 haftalık vücut merkez bölge egzersizleri yüklerinin algılanan zorluk derecesi ve belirlenmiş set, süreler ile haftada 2 kez uygulanması sonucunda fiziksel fitness seviyeleri üzerine etkilerini incelemekti. Araştırmaya düzenli olarak voleybol antrenmanı yapan sporcular dahil edildi (algılanan zorluk derecesine göre antrenman yapan grup= yaş: 13,50±0,83 yıl, boy: 1,63±0,022 cm, vücut ağırlığı: 50,33±4,36 kg, vki: 18,75±1,40, belirlenmiş set ve süre ile antrenman yapan grup= yaş: 12,83±0,40 yıl, boy: 1,66±0,47 cm, vücut ağırlığı: 52,50±7,68 kg, vki: 19,38±2,58). Sporculara ilk aşamada 5 farklı vücut merkez bölge kaslarının dayanıklılık seviyeleri süre cinsinden test edildi. Ardından uzun atlama, çift bacak, dominant ve nondominat bacak dikey sıçrama (sıçrama yüksekliği) ve T-Çeviklik testi (süre) ön ve son test olarak sporculara uygulandı. Daha sonra sporculara 8 hafta vücut merkez bölgesi egzersizleri uygulatılarak son testler alındı. Verilerin normal dağılıma uygunluk düzeyleri tespiti için shapiro wilk testi kullanıldı ve grup karşılaştırma analizlerde parametrik ile parametrik olmayan testler normallik şartına göre kullanıldı. Grupların kendi içindeki analizlerinde vücut merkez bölge kaslarının dayanıklılık düzeylerinde ön testlere göre anlamlı bir değişim olduğu ve gelişim gösterdiği saptanmıştır (*p<.05). Algılanan zorluk derecesine göre antrenman yapan grupta çift bacak dikey sıçrama, dominant bacak dikey sıçrama ve T-Çeviklik becerilerinde ön teste göre istatistiksel fark var iken (*p<.05), belirlenmiş set ve süre ile egzersizleri uygulayan grubun uzun atlama, dikey sıçrama ve çeviklik süreleri ön test sonuçlarına göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark ortaya çıkmıştır (*p<.05). Fakat gruplar arası karşılaştırma istatistiklerinde, vücut merkez bölgesi ve performans testleri analizlerinde istatistiksel bir fark ortaya çıkmamıştır (*p>.05). Bu tez araştırmasının sonucuna göre vücut merkez bölgesi kas gruplarının dayanıklılıklarını geliştirmede her iki yönteminde etkili olabileceği istatistiksel olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca her iki yöntem sonrasında da sporcuların fiziksel fitness seviyelerini geliştirmek amacı ile uygulanmasında faydalı sonuçların ortaya çıkabileceği söylenebilir.
There are studies in the literature examining the effects of core exercises on some motor skills in athletes. However, no study has been found examining the effects of core exercises on athletes' physical fitness levels when applied according to the rate of perceived exertion and with specific sets and durations. The aim of this thesis research was to examine the effects of 8 weeks of core exercise loads on rate of perceived exertion and physical fitness levels when performed twice a week with specific sets and durations. The study included athletes who regularly participated in volleyball training (group training according to perceived difficulty level = age: 13.50±0.83 years, height: 1.63±0.022 cm, body weight: 50.33±4.36 kg, BMI: 18.75±1.40), and the group training with a specific set and duration = age: 12.83±0.40 years, height: 1.66±0.47 cm, body weight: 52.50±7.68 kg, BMI: 19.38±2.58). In the first stage, the endurance of five different core muscle groups was tested in terms of duration. Subsequently, the long jump, double-leg, dominant and non-dominant leg vertical jump (jump height), and T-Agility test (duration) were administered as pre- and post-tests. Then, the athletes underwent 8 weeks of core exercises, after which the final tests were conducted. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used for the normal distribution statistics of the data, and parametric and non-parametric tests were used for the group comparison analyses. Non-parametric tests were conducted using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Analysis within the groups revealed a significant change in core muscle endurance compared to the pre-tests, indicating improvement (*p<.05). In the group training according to rate of perceived exertion, there was a statistically significant difference in the pre-test results for bipedal vertical jump, dominant leg vertical jump, and T-agility skills (*p<.05), the group that performed exercises with specific sets and durations showed statistically significant differences in long jump, vertical jump, and agility times compared to pre-test results (*p<.05). However, no statistically significant difference was found in the intergroup comparison statistics for either the core muscle area or the performance test comparison analyses (*p>.05). According to the results of this thesis research, it has been statistically demonstrated that both methods can be effective in developing the endurance of core muscle groups. Furthermore, it can be stated that both methods can provide beneficial results when applied with the aim of improving athletes' physical fitness levels.
There are studies in the literature examining the effects of core exercises on some motor skills in athletes. However, no study has been found examining the effects of core exercises on athletes' physical fitness levels when applied according to the rate of perceived exertion and with specific sets and durations. The aim of this thesis research was to examine the effects of 8 weeks of core exercise loads on rate of perceived exertion and physical fitness levels when performed twice a week with specific sets and durations. The study included athletes who regularly participated in volleyball training (group training according to perceived difficulty level = age: 13.50±0.83 years, height: 1.63±0.022 cm, body weight: 50.33±4.36 kg, BMI: 18.75±1.40), and the group training with a specific set and duration = age: 12.83±0.40 years, height: 1.66±0.47 cm, body weight: 52.50±7.68 kg, BMI: 19.38±2.58). In the first stage, the endurance of five different core muscle groups was tested in terms of duration. Subsequently, the long jump, double-leg, dominant and non-dominant leg vertical jump (jump height), and T-Agility test (duration) were administered as pre- and post-tests. Then, the athletes underwent 8 weeks of core exercises, after which the final tests were conducted. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used for the normal distribution statistics of the data, and parametric and non-parametric tests were used for the group comparison analyses. Non-parametric tests were conducted using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Analysis within the groups revealed a significant change in core muscle endurance compared to the pre-tests, indicating improvement (*p<.05). In the group training according to rate of perceived exertion, there was a statistically significant difference in the pre-test results for bipedal vertical jump, dominant leg vertical jump, and T-agility skills (*p<.05), the group that performed exercises with specific sets and durations showed statistically significant differences in long jump, vertical jump, and agility times compared to pre-test results (*p<.05). However, no statistically significant difference was found in the intergroup comparison statistics for either the core muscle area or the performance test comparison analyses (*p>.05). According to the results of this thesis research, it has been statistically demonstrated that both methods can be effective in developing the endurance of core muscle groups. Furthermore, it can be stated that both methods can provide beneficial results when applied with the aim of improving athletes' physical fitness levels.
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