Ortaokul Altıncı Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Algoritmik Düşünme Becerisinin Değerlendirilmesine Yönelik Geleneksel Oyunlara Dayalı Test Geliştirme
Ortaokul Altıncı Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Algoritmik Düşünme Becerisinin Değerlendirilmesine Yönelik Geleneksel Oyunlara Dayalı Test Geliştirme
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Abstract
Bu çalışmada, algoritmik düşünme becerisinin değerlendirilmesine yönelik bir test geliştirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda yürütülen çalışmada karma araştırma yöntemi benimsenmiştir. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak doküman incelemesi, görüşme ve algoritmik düşünme becerisi değerlendirme testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sürecinde sıralı olarak üç aşama takip edilmiştir. Birinci aşamada test geliştirilmesine yönelik maddeler geliştirilmiştir. Bu aşamaya yönelik alan yazında yer bulan test geliştirme süreci basamakları incelenmiş ve test '(1) amacın belirlenmesi, (2) kapsamın belirlenmesi, (3) maddelerin yazılması ve düzeltilmesi, (4) ön uygulama, (5) madde analizi ve madde seçimi, (6) son testin oluşturulması, uygulanması ve puanlanması' aşamaları takip edilerek geliştirilmiştir. Bu aşamaya ortaokul 6.sınıf düzeyinde öğrenimlerini sürdürmekte olan 24 öğrenci, 1 Türk Dil Edebiyatı uzmanı, 1 Matematik Bilimi uzmanı ve 4 Bilişim Teknolojileri alan uzmanı katılmıştır. İkinci aşamada testin geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin belirlenmesine yönelik işlemler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu aşamaya 2021-2022 eğitim öğretim yılında Trabzon'un Ortahisar ilçesinde bulunan iki devlet okulunun 6.sınıf düzeyinde öğrenimlerini sürdürmekte olan 252 öğrenci ve 3 Bilişim Teknolojileri alan uzmanı katılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubundaki öğrenciler seçilirken amaçlı örneklem yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Testin kapsam geçerliğini belirlemek için uzman görüşüne, yapı geçerliğini belirlemek için alt ve üst grup farkında göre bağımsız örneklem t-testine başvurulmuştur. Yapılan analizler sonucunda 2'si örnek madde olmak üzere toplamda 24 maddeden oluşan algoritmik düşünme becerisi değerlendirme testi elde edilmiştir. Testin ortalama güçlüğünün orta düzeyde (pjx=0,52), ayırt edicilik düzeyinin ise çok iyi seviyede (rjx=0,48) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. KR-20 güvenirlik analizi sonucunda testin güvenirlik katsayısı 0,83 olarak bulunmuştur. Yapı geçerliğinin belirlenmesine yönelik gerçekleştirilen alt ve üst grup farkında göre bağımsız örneklem t-testi sonuçları, maddelerin alt ve üst grupta yer alan öğrencileri ayırt etmede anlamlı olduğunu (p<0,01) ortaya koymuştur. Elde edilen bulgular ışığında, algoritmik düşünme becerisi değerlendirme testinin öğrencilerin algoritmik düşünme becerisini değerlendirmek için kullanılabilecek düzeyde geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu söylenebilmektedir. Üçüncü aşamada testin geçme puanı belirlenmiştir. Bu aşamaya 4 Bilişim Teknolojileri alan uzmanı katılmıştır. Testin geçme puanının belirlenmesinde Angoff yöntemi kullanılmıştır ve sonuç 66,04 olarak belirlenmiştir.
In this study, it is aimed to develop a test for the evaluation of algorithmic thinking skills. For this purpose, the mixed research method was adopted in the study. In the study, document review, interview and algorithmic thinking skill assessment test were used as data collection tools. Three stages were followed sequentially in the research process. In the first stage, items for test development were developed. For this stage, the test development process steps in the literature were examined and the test was determined as '(1) determining the purpose, (2) determining the scope, (3) writing and correcting the items, (4) pre-application, (5) item analysis and item selection, (6) post-test creation, implementation and scoring'. 24 students, 1 Turkish Language Literature specialist, 1 Mathematical Science specialist and 4 Information Technologies field specialists, who are continuing their education at the 6th grade level of secondary school, participated in this stage. In the second stage, procedures were carried out to determine the validity and reliability of the test. In the 2021-2022 academic year, 252 students and 3 IT field experts, who are continuing their education at the 6th grade of two public schools in Ortahisar district of Trabzon, participated in this stage. Purposive sampling method was preferred while selecting the students in the study group of the research. Expert opinion was used to determine the content validity of the test, and independent sample t-test was used to determine the construct validity according to the difference between the lower and upper groups. As a result of the analyzes, the algorithmic thinking skill assessment test consisting of a total of 24 items, 2 of which was sample item, was obtained. It was determined that the average difficulty of the test was moderate (pjx=0,52), and the discrimination level was very good (rjx=0,48). As a result of the KR-20 reliability analysis, the reliability coefficient of the test was found to be 0,83. The results of the independent sample t-test according to the difference between the lower and upper groups, which were carried out to determine the construct validity, revealed that the items were significant in distinguishing the students in the lower and upper groups (p<0,01). In the light of the findings, it can be said that the algorithmic thinking skill assessment test is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used to evaluate students' algorithmic thinking skills. In the third stage, the passing score of the test was determined. 4 Information Technologies field experts participated in this stage. Angoff method was used to determine the passing score of the test and the result was determined as 66,04.
In this study, it is aimed to develop a test for the evaluation of algorithmic thinking skills. For this purpose, the mixed research method was adopted in the study. In the study, document review, interview and algorithmic thinking skill assessment test were used as data collection tools. Three stages were followed sequentially in the research process. In the first stage, items for test development were developed. For this stage, the test development process steps in the literature were examined and the test was determined as '(1) determining the purpose, (2) determining the scope, (3) writing and correcting the items, (4) pre-application, (5) item analysis and item selection, (6) post-test creation, implementation and scoring'. 24 students, 1 Turkish Language Literature specialist, 1 Mathematical Science specialist and 4 Information Technologies field specialists, who are continuing their education at the 6th grade level of secondary school, participated in this stage. In the second stage, procedures were carried out to determine the validity and reliability of the test. In the 2021-2022 academic year, 252 students and 3 IT field experts, who are continuing their education at the 6th grade of two public schools in Ortahisar district of Trabzon, participated in this stage. Purposive sampling method was preferred while selecting the students in the study group of the research. Expert opinion was used to determine the content validity of the test, and independent sample t-test was used to determine the construct validity according to the difference between the lower and upper groups. As a result of the analyzes, the algorithmic thinking skill assessment test consisting of a total of 24 items, 2 of which was sample item, was obtained. It was determined that the average difficulty of the test was moderate (pjx=0,52), and the discrimination level was very good (rjx=0,48). As a result of the KR-20 reliability analysis, the reliability coefficient of the test was found to be 0,83. The results of the independent sample t-test according to the difference between the lower and upper groups, which were carried out to determine the construct validity, revealed that the items were significant in distinguishing the students in the lower and upper groups (p<0,01). In the light of the findings, it can be said that the algorithmic thinking skill assessment test is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used to evaluate students' algorithmic thinking skills. In the third stage, the passing score of the test was determined. 4 Information Technologies field experts participated in this stage. Angoff method was used to determine the passing score of the test and the result was determined as 66,04.
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Güvenilirlik, Algorithms, Reliability, Algoritmalar, Oyunlar, Secondary School Students, Oyunla Öğretim, Testler, Ortaokul Öğrencileri, Tests, Science and Technology, Education and Training, Games, Algorithmic Thinking, Validity, Bilim ve Teknoloji, Teaching with Game, Eğitim ve Öğretim, Algoritmik Düşünme, Geçerlik
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