8. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Geometrik Muhakemelerinin Gelişiminin Geometrik Çalışma Uzayları Bağlamında İncelenmesi
8. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Geometrik Muhakemelerinin Gelişiminin Geometrik Çalışma Uzayları Bağlamında İncelenmesi
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Abstract
Bu çalışmada 8. sınıf öğrencilerinin geometrik muhakeme sürecinde bilgi edinme türlerinden sezgi, deney ve çıkarımı nasıl kullandıkları, bu kullanımlarının Geometri I ve geçiş kategorisi düzeylerinin hangi kısmına karşılık geldiği incelenmiştir. Bununla birlikte, öğrencilerin çözümleri Geometrik Çalışma Uzayları (GÇU) Teorisi aracılığıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmayla 8. sınıf üçgenler ile eşlik ve benzerlik konularını kapsayan bir öğrenme ortamında öğrenim görmüş öğrencilerin geometrik muhakemelerinin değerlendirilmesi, ayrıca oluşturulan öğrenme ortamında öğrencilerin GÇU diyagramındaki dolaşımının nasıl olduğunun incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma öğretim deneyi yöntemiyle yürütülmüş olup bu kapsamda öğrencilerin görselleştirme, oluşturma ve muhakeme yönlerini geliştirmeye yönelik etkinlikler içeren beş öğretim bölümü tasarlanmıştır. Uygulamalar 37 öğrenci ile 6 hafta boyunca sürdürülmüştür. Bu öğrencilerden 9'u odak katılımcı olarak seçilmiş ve başarı düzeylerine göre iyi, orta, düşük olmak üzere üç gruba ayrılmıştır. Uygulama öncesinde başlangıç sınavı, devam ederken ara sınav, çalışmanın sonunda son sınav ve odak katılımcılarla yapılan klinik mülakatlar araştırma boyunca sürekli ve geriye dönük olarak analiz edilmiştir. Bilgi edinme türlerinin süreç içerisindeki gelişimin değerlendirilmesi için içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Öğrencilerin çözümlerinin GÇU diyagramındaki dolaşımları, betimsel analiz yoluyla analiz edilmiştir. Transkript edilen klinik mülakat verileri, öğrencilerin çözümlerinin yorumlanmasında kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları tasarlanan öğrenme ortamının öğrencilerin sezgisel, deneysel, çıkarımsal anlamda düşünmelerini ilerletmede etkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Öğrencilerin bilgi edinme türlerinden sezgi ve çıkarımlarının iyi, orta ve düşük başarı gruplarının tümünde başarılarıyla orantılı olarak artış gösterdiği buna karşılık bilgi edinme türlerinden deneyde iyi ve orta başarı grubunun birbirine benzer ilerleme kaydettiği, düşük grup öğrencilerinin gelişimin iyi ve orta grubun belirgin şekilde gerisinde kaldığı görülmüştür. Öğrencilerin GÇU diyagramında genelde tek düzlemde çalıştıkları, buradaki çalışma şekillerinin, başarı gruplarına göre farklılaştığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Birden çok düzlem kullanımının da oldukça gözlendiği, bu kullanımı sergileyen öğrencilerin çözümlerinin kavramsal olarak daha bütünlüklü olduğu görülmüştür. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda öğrencilerin sezgi, deney, çıkarım süreçlerini destekleyen ve çözümlerinin bütünlüklü olmasına fırsat sunan öğrenme ortamları geliştirilmesi önerilmektedir.
This study examines how 8th grade students engage in geometric reasoning though intuitive, experimental and deductive modes of thinking and how these uses correspond to Paradigm I and transition category levels. In addition, students' solution processes were evaluated using Geometric Working Spaces (GWS) Theory. This study aims the evaluate the geometric reasoning of students who have been taught in a learning environment covering triangles and similarity-congruency in the 8th grade, and to examine how Students navigate the GWS diagram in the created learning environment. The research was conducted using the teaching experiment model and within this scope five teaching sections were designed to include activities aimed at developing students' visualisation, construction and reasoning processes. These applications, conducted for classroom teaching experiments, were carried out with 37 students over a period of 6 weeks. 9 of these students were selected as a focus participants and categorized into three groups – high, medium, low achievers- based on their performance levels. A baseline test was administered prior to the intervention; interim test was administered during the intervention and final test was administered at the end of the intervention. Clinical interviews with focus participants were conducted throughout the research and analysed continuously and retrospectively. Content analysis was conducted to evaluate the development of the types of cognitive processes. The circulation of students' solution processes in the GWS diagram was analysed though descriptive analysis. Transcribed clinical interview data were used to interpret students' solutions. It is believed that the learning environment designed as a result of this study has improved students' intuitive, experimental and deductive thinking. It has been observed that students' intuitive and deductive thinking skills increase in proportion to their success. However, experimental thinking skills considered high and moderate achieving groups show similar progress, whilst the low achieving group lags significantly behind the high and moderate achieving groups. It has been found that students generally work in a single plane in the GWS diagram and that their working styles differ according to their success. The use of multiple planes was also observed quite frequently and it was found that the solutions of students who used multiple planes were more conceptually coherent. In the line with these results, it is recommended that learning environments be developed that support students' intuition, experiment and deduction processes and provide opportunities for them to develop comprehensive solutions.
This study examines how 8th grade students engage in geometric reasoning though intuitive, experimental and deductive modes of thinking and how these uses correspond to Paradigm I and transition category levels. In addition, students' solution processes were evaluated using Geometric Working Spaces (GWS) Theory. This study aims the evaluate the geometric reasoning of students who have been taught in a learning environment covering triangles and similarity-congruency in the 8th grade, and to examine how Students navigate the GWS diagram in the created learning environment. The research was conducted using the teaching experiment model and within this scope five teaching sections were designed to include activities aimed at developing students' visualisation, construction and reasoning processes. These applications, conducted for classroom teaching experiments, were carried out with 37 students over a period of 6 weeks. 9 of these students were selected as a focus participants and categorized into three groups – high, medium, low achievers- based on their performance levels. A baseline test was administered prior to the intervention; interim test was administered during the intervention and final test was administered at the end of the intervention. Clinical interviews with focus participants were conducted throughout the research and analysed continuously and retrospectively. Content analysis was conducted to evaluate the development of the types of cognitive processes. The circulation of students' solution processes in the GWS diagram was analysed though descriptive analysis. Transcribed clinical interview data were used to interpret students' solutions. It is believed that the learning environment designed as a result of this study has improved students' intuitive, experimental and deductive thinking. It has been observed that students' intuitive and deductive thinking skills increase in proportion to their success. However, experimental thinking skills considered high and moderate achieving groups show similar progress, whilst the low achieving group lags significantly behind the high and moderate achieving groups. It has been found that students generally work in a single plane in the GWS diagram and that their working styles differ according to their success. The use of multiple planes was also observed quite frequently and it was found that the solutions of students who used multiple planes were more conceptually coherent. In the line with these results, it is recommended that learning environments be developed that support students' intuition, experiment and deduction processes and provide opportunities for them to develop comprehensive solutions.
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