The Contribution of Visual Arts Activities to the Social, Emotional, and Psychomotor Skills of Disadvantaged Individuals: An Examination Based on Teacher Opinions
The Contribution of Visual Arts Activities to the Social, Emotional, and Psychomotor Skills of Disadvantaged Individuals: An Examination Based on Teacher Opinions
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Abstract
Bu çalışmada, görsel sanatlar etkinliklerinin otizm spektrum bozukluğu tanısı almış öğrencilerin sosyal, duygusal ve psikomotor becerilerine katkısının öğretmen görüşleri ile incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemleri kapsamında tasarlanarak durum çalışması desenine göre yürütülmüş olup açıklayıcı/tanımlayıcı durum çalışması kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2024-2025 eğitim öğretim yılında Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti MEB'e bağlı özel eğitim ve iş eğitim okullarında otizm spektrum bozukluğu tanısı almış öğrencilerin derslerine giren özel eğitim öğretmenleri oluşturmuştur. Verilerin elde edilmesinde araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanmış yarı-yapılandırılmış mülakat tekniği yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler temel düzey analiz içinde betimsel analiz ve üst düzey analiz kapsamında olan içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular ışığında görsel sanatlar etkinliklerinin otizm spektrum bozukluğu tanısı almış öğrencilerin sosyal, duygusal ve psikomotor becerilerine katkısının olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Gerekçe olarak akranları, öğretmen ve aileleri ile iletişim becerilerinin gelişimine, grup çalışmaları ile sosyalleşmesine, ince ve kaba motor becerilerine ve uygulanan etkinlikler sayesinde günlük yaşam becerilerinin gelişimine katkı sağladığı tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmen ve öğrenci açısından yaşanan zorlukların olduğu buna gerekçe olarak sınıf düzeninden kaynaklanan sorunlar, akranlar arası uyumsuzluktan kaynaklanan sorunlar, yetersiz materyallerin olması durumundan kaynaklanan sorunlar, mesleki zorluk açısından yaşanan sorunlar ve öğretmen başına düşen öğrenci sayısının yüksek olmasından dolayı sınıf yönetiminde kaynaklanan sorunlar olduğu konusunda görüş birliği içerisinde oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan öğretmenlerin çoğu otizm tanısı almış öğrencilere öğretmenlik yapmanın kişisel hayata olumlu ve olumsuz yansımaları olduğu yönünde ortak görüşe sahip oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Buna gerekçe olarak ise farkındalık konusunda, sabırlı olma yönünde, öğrencilerde olumlu yöndeki değişim ve gelişimlerden motive olma, insanlarla ve özel gereksinimli çocuklarla etkili iletişim stratejileri kullanmada yetkinlik konusunda olumlu yansımaları olduğu, mesleki deformasyondan ve veliler açısından olumsuz yansımalar olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
This study aims to examine the contribution of visual arts activities to the social, emotional, and psychomotor skills of students diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder based on teacher opinions. This research was designed within the scope of qualitative research methods and conducted according to the case study design, using an explanatory/descriptive case study. The study group consisted of special education teachers who taught students diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder in special education and vocational training schools affiliated with the Ministry of National Education of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus during the 2024-2025 academic year. Semi-structured interviews prepared by the researcher were used to collect data. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive analysis at the basic level and content analysis at the higher level. In light of the findings, it was concluded that visual arts activities contribute to the social, emotional, and psychomotor skills of students diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. The rationale for this conclusion is that these activities contribute to the development of communication skills with peers, teachers, and families, to socialization through group work, to fine and gross motor skills, and to the development of daily living skills through the activities implemented. It was determined that there was consensus among teachers and students that the difficulties experienced stemmed from problems arising from classroom organization, problems arising from peer incompatibility, problems arising from insufficient materials, problems experienced in terms of professional difficulties, and problems arising from classroom management due to the high number of students per teacher. It was found that most of the teachers participating in the study shared the common view that teaching students diagnosed with autism had both positive and negative reflections on their personal lives. The reasons for this were found to be positive reflections in terms of awareness, patience, motivation from positive changes and developments in students, competence in using effective communication strategies with people and children with special needs, and negative reflections in terms of professional deformation and parents.
This study aims to examine the contribution of visual arts activities to the social, emotional, and psychomotor skills of students diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder based on teacher opinions. This research was designed within the scope of qualitative research methods and conducted according to the case study design, using an explanatory/descriptive case study. The study group consisted of special education teachers who taught students diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder in special education and vocational training schools affiliated with the Ministry of National Education of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus during the 2024-2025 academic year. Semi-structured interviews prepared by the researcher were used to collect data. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive analysis at the basic level and content analysis at the higher level. In light of the findings, it was concluded that visual arts activities contribute to the social, emotional, and psychomotor skills of students diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. The rationale for this conclusion is that these activities contribute to the development of communication skills with peers, teachers, and families, to socialization through group work, to fine and gross motor skills, and to the development of daily living skills through the activities implemented. It was determined that there was consensus among teachers and students that the difficulties experienced stemmed from problems arising from classroom organization, problems arising from peer incompatibility, problems arising from insufficient materials, problems experienced in terms of professional difficulties, and problems arising from classroom management due to the high number of students per teacher. It was found that most of the teachers participating in the study shared the common view that teaching students diagnosed with autism had both positive and negative reflections on their personal lives. The reasons for this were found to be positive reflections in terms of awareness, patience, motivation from positive changes and developments in students, competence in using effective communication strategies with people and children with special needs, and negative reflections in terms of professional deformation and parents.
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