Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Guidebook Prepared for the Development of Scientific Process Skills: The Example of undefinedEarth and the Universeundefined
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Guidebook Prepared for the Development of Scientific Process Skills: The Example of undefinedEarth and the Universeundefined
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Abstract
Hafif düzeyde zihinsel yetersizliğe sahip kaynaştırma öğrencilerinin bilimsel süreç becerilerinin gelişimine yönelik literatürde yeterli araştırmanın bulunmaması bu çalışmanın çıkış noktasını oluşturmuştur. Bu çalışmanın hafif düzeyde zihinsel yetersizliğe sahip kaynaştırma öğrencilerinin fen eğitiminde bilimsel süreç becerilerinin geliştirilmesi için literatüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Ayrıca çalışmanın fen bilimleri öğretmenlerine hafif düzeyde zihinsel yetersizliğe sahip öğrencileri ile yapacakları uygulamalarda yol gösterici kılavuzlar ve materyaller hazırlanması konusunda rehber olacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, hafif düzeyde zihinsel yetersizliğe sahip 5. sınıf kaynaştırma öğrencilerine yönelik dünya ve evren öğrenme alanı konularının (Güneş'in hareketi, Güneş, Dünya ve Ay'ın birbirlerine göre Hareketi, Ay'ın evreleri) dahil edildiği fen deneyleri kılavuzu hazırlamak, hazırlanan kılavuzun öğrencilerin bilimsel süreç beceri gelişimleri ve kavramsal anlamaları üzerine olan etkisini incelemektir. Kılavuzda yer alan deneyler alan uzmanları (fen bilimleri ve özel eğitim öğretmenleri) ile yürütülen görüşmeler neticesinde belirlenmiştir. Deneyler 'Tahmin-Gözlem-Açıklama (TGA)' yöntemi ve 'aktif öğrenme teknikleri'yle zenginleştirilen çalışma yaprağı formatında hazırlanmıştır. TGA yöntemi içerisinde vızıltı 22, kart gösterme, kartopu ve karekod uygulamasına yer verilmiştir. Çalışma yapraklarında öğrencilerin fiziksel özelliklerine benzeyen avatar görüntüleri kullanılarak sürece aidiyet duygusunun geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Aynı zamanda deneyler önceden laboratuvar ortamında araştırmacı tarafından çekilerek karekodlara gömülmüş ve kılavuza yerleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada karma yöntem kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini hafif düzeyde zihinsel yetersizliğe sahip ortaokul 5. sınıfta öğrenim görmekte olan sekiz kaynaştırma öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak görüşmeler ve Bilimsel Süreç Beceri Gelişimi (BSBG) formu kullanılmıştır. Görüşmelerden elde edilen veriler kategoriler (tam anlama, kısmi anlama, alternatif kavrama ve anlamama) kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. BSBG formundan elde edilen verilerin analizinde dereceli puanlama anahtarından yararlanılmıştır. Veriler sütun ve çizgi grafikleri şeklinde sunulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda hafif düzeyde zihinsel yetersizliğe sahip öğrencilere yönelik 'Dünya ve Evren' öğrenme alanında hazırlanan kılavuzun öğrencilerin bilimsel süreç becerilerinin gelişimini olumlu yönde etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır (z=2,524, p<,05). Anahtar Kelimeler: Bilimsel Süreç Becerileri, Hafif Düzeyde Zihinsel Yetersizlik, Dünya ve Evren' Öğrenme Alanı, Tahmin-Gözlem-Açıklama
The lack of sufficient research in the literature on the development of scientific process skills of inclusive students with mild intellectual disability was the starting point of this study. It is thought that this study will contribute to the literature for the development of scientific process skills in science education of inclusive students with mild intellectual disability. In addition, it is thought that the study will guide science teachers while preparing guidebook and materials for their applications with students with mild intellectual disability. It is aimed in this research is to preaper a science experiment guidebook for 5th grade inclusive students with mild intellectual disability, in which the topics of the world and the universe learning area (movement of the Sun, Earth and Moon relative to each other, phases of the Moon) are integrated. The purpose of the study is to examine the effect of the prepared guidebook on the scientific process skills and conceptual understanding of these students. The experiments in the guidebook were determined as a result of interviews with field experts (science and special education teachers). Experiments were prepared in worksheet format enriched with 'Prediction-Observation-Explanation (POE)' method and 'active learning techniques'. Within the POE method, buzz 22, card display, snowball and data matrix application are included. It is aimed to develop the sense of belonging to the process by using avatar images similar to the physical characteristics of the students in the worksheets. At the same time, the experiments were taken by the researcher in the laboratory environment, embedded in data matrix and placed in the guidebook. Mixed method was used in the research. The sample of the study consists of eight inclusive students who are studying in the 5th grade of secondary school with mild intellectual disability. Interviews and the Scientific Process Skill Development form were used as data collection tools. The data obtained from the interviews were analyzed using categories (full understanding, partial understanding, alternative comprehension and not understanding). Rubric was used in the analysis of the data obtained from the Scientific Process Skill Development form. The data are presented in the form of column and line graphs. As a result of the research, it was concluded that the guidance prepared in the field of learning 'The Earth and the Universe' for students with mild intellectual disability affected the development of students' scientific process skills positively (z=2,524, p<.05). Keywords: Scientific Process Skills, Mild Intellectual Disability, Earth and Universe learning domain, Prediction-Observation-Explanation
The lack of sufficient research in the literature on the development of scientific process skills of inclusive students with mild intellectual disability was the starting point of this study. It is thought that this study will contribute to the literature for the development of scientific process skills in science education of inclusive students with mild intellectual disability. In addition, it is thought that the study will guide science teachers while preparing guidebook and materials for their applications with students with mild intellectual disability. It is aimed in this research is to preaper a science experiment guidebook for 5th grade inclusive students with mild intellectual disability, in which the topics of the world and the universe learning area (movement of the Sun, Earth and Moon relative to each other, phases of the Moon) are integrated. The purpose of the study is to examine the effect of the prepared guidebook on the scientific process skills and conceptual understanding of these students. The experiments in the guidebook were determined as a result of interviews with field experts (science and special education teachers). Experiments were prepared in worksheet format enriched with 'Prediction-Observation-Explanation (POE)' method and 'active learning techniques'. Within the POE method, buzz 22, card display, snowball and data matrix application are included. It is aimed to develop the sense of belonging to the process by using avatar images similar to the physical characteristics of the students in the worksheets. At the same time, the experiments were taken by the researcher in the laboratory environment, embedded in data matrix and placed in the guidebook. Mixed method was used in the research. The sample of the study consists of eight inclusive students who are studying in the 5th grade of secondary school with mild intellectual disability. Interviews and the Scientific Process Skill Development form were used as data collection tools. The data obtained from the interviews were analyzed using categories (full understanding, partial understanding, alternative comprehension and not understanding). Rubric was used in the analysis of the data obtained from the Scientific Process Skill Development form. The data are presented in the form of column and line graphs. As a result of the research, it was concluded that the guidance prepared in the field of learning 'The Earth and the Universe' for students with mild intellectual disability affected the development of students' scientific process skills positively (z=2,524, p<.05). Keywords: Scientific Process Skills, Mild Intellectual Disability, Earth and Universe learning domain, Prediction-Observation-Explanation
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Zihinsel Engelliler, Science Education, The Science Process Skills Scale, Mentally Retardation, Zihinsel Yetenekler, Bilimsel Süreç Becerilerini Değerlendirme Aracı, Scientific Skill, Handicapped Children Who Need Special Education, Special Education, Scientific Process, Education and Training, Mental Talents, Bilimsel Süreç, Özel Eğitim, Eğitim ve Öğretim, Bilimsel Beceri, Fen Bilgisi Eğitimi, Özel Eğitime Muhtaç Çocuklar
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