(Could Debtor Compensate Positive Damages in a Synallagmatic Contract, Which Is Rescinded as a Result of Creditor’s Delay?)
(Could Debtor Compensate Positive Damages in a Synallagmatic Contract, Which Is Rescinded as a Result of Creditor’s Delay?)
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Abstract
Alacaklı temerrüdü halinde sözleşmeden dönme yoluna başvurmak, bazı hallerde borcundan kurtulmak isteyen borçlu için tek çaredir. Bu yola başvuran borçlunun sözleş-meden dönme ile birlikte genel olarak alacaklıdan tazminat talep edip edemeyeceği ile tazminata imkan tanınması halinde tazmine konu zararın olumsuz zarar mı yoksa olumlu zarar mı olduğu meseleleri doktrinde tartışmalıdır. Bu çalışmada öncelikle konuya ilişkin olarak doktrinde ileri sürülen görüşler ile İsviçre Federal Mahkemesi’nin güncel bir kararına yer verilecektir. Bu sorun özellikle karşılıklı edimli sözleşmeler bakımından büyük bir önem taşımaktadır. Zira karşılıklı edimli bir sözleşmede alacaklı temerrüdü yüzünden söz-leşmeden dönen borçlu karşı edim alacağını yitirme tehlikesiyle karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Bu durumda borçlunun hem karşı edim menfaati hem de borçtan kurtulma menfaati, söz-leşmeden dönme ile birlikte olumlu zararın tazminine imkan tanınarak korunabilir. Fakat öncelikle borçlunun söz konusu menfaatlerini koruyabilecek başka hukuki yolların varlığı irdelenerek sözleşmeden dönme ile birlikte olumlu zararın tazminini talep etme imkanının hangi hallerde son çare olduğu tespit edilecektir. Bu tespitten sonra söz konusu haller ba-kımından sözleşmeden dönen borçlu lehine olumlu zararın tazminine imkan tanımanın haklılığı ve bunun nasıl mümkün olacağı değerlendirilecektir.
In case of creditor’s delay, rescinding the contract is in particular situations the only liberating way for the debtor who is no longer willing to be bound with the debt. Whet-her the debtor could claim compensation for- negative or positive- damages by rescinding the contract is disputed in legal doctrine. This article will firstly deal with different doctri-nal views and a recent judgement given by the Swiss Federal Court. This question is parti-cularly important for synallagmatic contracts in which debtor has also a claim as against the creditor for counter performance, which could not survive after the contract is rescin-ded. While debtor’s consideration interest is no less important than her liberation interest, a formula should be developed in order to protect both interests. It could be provided if the debtor is allowed to claim positive damages by rescinding the contract. However this pos-sible solution should be the last resort. So, this article will first scrutinize whether and how the problem could be solved with other legal instruments. Then, for those cases in which the combination of rescinding the contract and claiming positive damages arises as the only solution, its accuracy will be examined.
In case of creditor’s delay, rescinding the contract is in particular situations the only liberating way for the debtor who is no longer willing to be bound with the debt. Whet-her the debtor could claim compensation for- negative or positive- damages by rescinding the contract is disputed in legal doctrine. This article will firstly deal with different doctri-nal views and a recent judgement given by the Swiss Federal Court. This question is parti-cularly important for synallagmatic contracts in which debtor has also a claim as against the creditor for counter performance, which could not survive after the contract is rescin-ded. While debtor’s consideration interest is no less important than her liberation interest, a formula should be developed in order to protect both interests. It could be provided if the debtor is allowed to claim positive damages by rescinding the contract. However this pos-sible solution should be the last resort. So, this article will first scrutinize whether and how the problem could be solved with other legal instruments. Then, for those cases in which the combination of rescinding the contract and claiming positive damages arises as the only solution, its accuracy will be examined.
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WoS Q
Scopus Q
Volume
18
Issue
2
Start Page
1265
End Page
1300
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