Çocuk Merkezli Oyun Terapisinin Boşanmış Aile Çocuklarının Davranış Problemlerine Etkileri
Çocuk Merkezli Oyun Terapisinin Boşanmış Aile Çocuklarının Davranış Problemlerine Etkileri
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Abstract
Toplumda boşanma oranlarının ve boşanmadan etkilenen çocuk sayısının giderek arttığı bilinmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, çocuk merkezli oyun terapisinin boşanmış aile çocuklarının davranış problemlerine etkisinin ebeveyn değerlendirmesi aracılığıyla incelenmesidir. Araştırma, 2021-2022 öğretim yılında, İstanbul ili Pendik ilçesinde bir ilkokula devam eden 6-7 yaş aralığında anne babası boşanmış 3 çocuğun katılımıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada tek denekli araştırma desenlerinden AB deseni kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak 'Güçler ve Güçlükler Anketi' ile 'Kişisel Bilgi Formu' kullanılmıştır. Katılımcılarla uygulama evresine geçilmeden önce ebeveynlerden alınan ölçümlerle kararlılık verisi elde edilmiştir. Daha sonra katılımcıların her birine çocuk merkezli oyun terapi seansları bireysel olarak uygulanmış ve her uygulamadan sonra ebeveynlerden ölçüm alınmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, Excel programı ile veri girişi yapılarak grafiksel analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, çocuk merkezli oyun terapisi uygulanan katılımcıların toplam davranış problemi puanlarında azalma olduğu görülmüştür. Katılımcıların ayrıca davranışsal ve duygusal sorunlar alt boyutları ile içselleştirilmiş ve dışsallaştırılmış davranış problemleri puanlarında da belirgin düşüş olduğu ortaya koyulmuştur. Çocuk merkezli oyun terapisinin boşanmış aile çocuklarının akran sorunlarına ve hiperaktivitelerine etkisinin ise katılımcıya göre farklılaştığı belirlenmiştir. İki alanda da iki katılımcının puanlarında azalma görülürken, bir katılımcının ölçüm puanlarında herhangi bir değişiklik oluşmamıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Oyun, Oyun Terapisi, Çocuk Merkezli Oyun Terapisi, Boşanma
It is known that the divorce rates and the number of children affected by divorce are increasing gradually in the society. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of child-centered play therapy on behavior problems of children with divorced families through parent evaluation. The research was carried out with the participation of 3 children between the ages of 6-7, whose parents are divorced, attending a primary school in Pendik, Istanbul, in the 2021-2022 academic year. AB design, one of the single-subject research designs, was used in the study. The data was collected using Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and Personal Information Form. Stability data were obtained with the measurements taken from the parents before the participants started the implementation phase. Then, child-centered play therapy sessions were applied individually to each of the participants and measurements were taken from the parents after each application. In the analysis of the data, the graphical analysis method was used by entering the data with the Excel program. According to the results of the research, it was observed that the total behavioral problem scores of the participants who were applied child-centered play therapy decreased. It was also revealed that there was a significant decrease in the behavioral and emotional problems sub-dimensions and internalized and externalized behavioral problems scores of the participants. It was determined that the effect of child-centered play therapy on the peer problems and hyperactivity of the children of divorced families differed according to the participant. While a decrease was observed in the scores of two participants in both areas, there was no change in the measurement scores of one participant. Keywords: Play, Play Therapy, Child-Centered Play Therapy, Divorce
It is known that the divorce rates and the number of children affected by divorce are increasing gradually in the society. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of child-centered play therapy on behavior problems of children with divorced families through parent evaluation. The research was carried out with the participation of 3 children between the ages of 6-7, whose parents are divorced, attending a primary school in Pendik, Istanbul, in the 2021-2022 academic year. AB design, one of the single-subject research designs, was used in the study. The data was collected using Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and Personal Information Form. Stability data were obtained with the measurements taken from the parents before the participants started the implementation phase. Then, child-centered play therapy sessions were applied individually to each of the participants and measurements were taken from the parents after each application. In the analysis of the data, the graphical analysis method was used by entering the data with the Excel program. According to the results of the research, it was observed that the total behavioral problem scores of the participants who were applied child-centered play therapy decreased. It was also revealed that there was a significant decrease in the behavioral and emotional problems sub-dimensions and internalized and externalized behavioral problems scores of the participants. It was determined that the effect of child-centered play therapy on the peer problems and hyperactivity of the children of divorced families differed according to the participant. While a decrease was observed in the scores of two participants in both areas, there was no change in the measurement scores of one participant. Keywords: Play, Play Therapy, Child-Centered Play Therapy, Divorce
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