Digital Solidarity Networks in Combating Poverty from the Communication Perspective
Digital Solidarity Networks in Combating Poverty from the Communication Perspective
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Abstract
Yoksulluk sorunu, toplumların en acı hikayelerinin yazılmasına yol açan derin ve karmaşık bir meseledir. Kriz zamanlarında ise bu acı hikayeler büyük bir artış göstererek, yoksulluğun içerisinden çıkılmaz bir girdaba dönüşmesine neden olmaktadır. Bunun yakın zamandaki en keskin örneklerinden biri de Covid-19 pandemisi olmuştur. Halihazırda yoksullukla boğuşan insanların temel gelir kaynaklarına ulaşamadıkları bir işsizlik sorununa yol açan pandemi krizi, yoksul insanların daha da zor duruma düşmelerine neden olmuş ve yeni yoksullar yaratmıştır. Böyle bir kriz ortamında oluşacak hasarı en aza indirebilmek adına planlı kriz stratejileri ve hızlı müdahaleler büyük önem kazanmaktadır. Fakat öncesinde tecrübe edilmemiş büyüklüklerde gerçekleşen Covid-19 pandemisinin, her ne kadar belirli ölçüde önlemler ve yönetmelikler mevcutta olursa olsun, bazı eksiklikleri beraberinde getirmesi kaçınılmaz olmuştur. Bu eksikliklerin yarattığı boşluğu doldurmak üzere, artan yoksulluğa karşı yeni mücadele stratejileri geliştiren toplumsal dayanışmalar ön plana çıkmıştır. Alınan önlemler ve kısıtlama kararları sebebiyle herkesin evlerine kapandığı bir sürece işaret eden pandemi, tüm iletişim alanlarının dijital zeminde gerçekleşmesine yol açmıştır. Dolayısıyla ortaya çıkan dayanışmalar, dijital ağlarla hareket eden yeni modellerin gelişimine öncü nitelikleri barındırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada; iletişim bakış açısını kullanarak pandemiyle birlikte artış gösteren yoksulluk sorunundan etkilenen insanların acil temel ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak için faaliyet gösteren dijital dayanışma ağlarını incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla Gömülü Teori metodolojisini takip eden araştırma aşamasında, ulusal ölçekte dijital dayanışma faaliyetleri bulunan 10 oluşum ele alınmıştır. Farklı yapılanmalardaki bu oluşumların yetkili konumdaki temsilcileriyle derinlemesine görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Görüşme kayıtlarının ve tutulan alan notlarının titizlikle analizi gerçekleştirilmiş ve raporlanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları; yoksulluğun ve dayanışma eğiliminin pandemi krizinde artış gösterdiği varsayımını doğrulamakla birlikte, geliştirilen dayanışma stratejilerinin yoksullukla mücadele politikalarına etki ettiğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Ayrıca dijital dayanışma iletişiminin avantaj ve sınırlılıkları belirlenerek, yoksullukla mücadele alanında dikkate değer verileri oluşturdukları düşünülmektedir. Çalışmanın diğer önemli sonuçları; bu oluşumların hak temelli bir mücadeleye olanak tanıdığını, şeffaflık ve görünürlük kazanarak insanların güven duygusuna hitap ettiklerini göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte geliştirilen mücadele stratejilerinin, çok taraflı olarak iş birliğini gözeterek fayda odaklı hareket ettikleri ortaya çıkmıştır. Tüm bu sonuçların alanın gelişimine katkı sunması temenni edilmektedir.
The problem of poverty is a deep and complex issue that leads to the most painful stories of societies. In times of crisis, these painful stories increase dramatically, turning poverty into an inextricable vortex. One of the sharpest recent examples of this has been the Covid-19 pandemic. The pandemic crisis, which has led to unemployment where people already struggling with poverty cannot access basic sources of income, has caused poor people to fall into even more difficult situations and created new poor people. In such a crisis environment, planned crisis strategies and rapid interventions are crucial to minimize the damage. However, the Covid-19 pandemic, which occurred at unprecedented magnitudes, has inevitably brought some shortcomings, even though certain measures and regulations are in place. To fill the gap created by these shortcomings, social solidarities have come to the forefront, developing new strategies to fight against increasing poverty. The pandemic, which marked a period in which everyone was confined to their homes due to the measures and restrictions taken, led to the realization of all communication areas on digital grounds. Therefore, the solidarities that emerged have pioneering qualities for the development of new models that act through digital networks. This study aims to examine digital solidarity networks that operate to meet the urgent basic needs of people affected by the poverty problem that has increased with the pandemic. For this purpose, in the research phase following the Grounded Theory methodology, 10 organizations with digital solidarity activities on a national scale were analyzed. In-depth interviews were conducted with authorized representatives of these organizations in different structures. The interview recordings and field notes were meticulously analyzed and reported. The results of the research confirm the assumption that poverty and solidarity tendencies have increased during the pandemic crisis, and reveal that the solidarity strategies developed have an impact on anti-poverty policies. In addition, the advantages and limitations of digital solidarity communication were identified and it is thought that they constitute remarkable data in the field of poverty alleviation. Other important results of the study show that these formations enable a rights-based struggle and appeal to people's sense of trust by gaining transparency and visibility. In addition, it has been revealed that the struggle strategies developed are benefit-oriented by considering multilateral cooperation. It is hoped that all these results will contribute to the development of the field.
The problem of poverty is a deep and complex issue that leads to the most painful stories of societies. In times of crisis, these painful stories increase dramatically, turning poverty into an inextricable vortex. One of the sharpest recent examples of this has been the Covid-19 pandemic. The pandemic crisis, which has led to unemployment where people already struggling with poverty cannot access basic sources of income, has caused poor people to fall into even more difficult situations and created new poor people. In such a crisis environment, planned crisis strategies and rapid interventions are crucial to minimize the damage. However, the Covid-19 pandemic, which occurred at unprecedented magnitudes, has inevitably brought some shortcomings, even though certain measures and regulations are in place. To fill the gap created by these shortcomings, social solidarities have come to the forefront, developing new strategies to fight against increasing poverty. The pandemic, which marked a period in which everyone was confined to their homes due to the measures and restrictions taken, led to the realization of all communication areas on digital grounds. Therefore, the solidarities that emerged have pioneering qualities for the development of new models that act through digital networks. This study aims to examine digital solidarity networks that operate to meet the urgent basic needs of people affected by the poverty problem that has increased with the pandemic. For this purpose, in the research phase following the Grounded Theory methodology, 10 organizations with digital solidarity activities on a national scale were analyzed. In-depth interviews were conducted with authorized representatives of these organizations in different structures. The interview recordings and field notes were meticulously analyzed and reported. The results of the research confirm the assumption that poverty and solidarity tendencies have increased during the pandemic crisis, and reveal that the solidarity strategies developed have an impact on anti-poverty policies. In addition, the advantages and limitations of digital solidarity communication were identified and it is thought that they constitute remarkable data in the field of poverty alleviation. Other important results of the study show that these formations enable a rights-based struggle and appeal to people's sense of trust by gaining transparency and visibility. In addition, it has been revealed that the struggle strategies developed are benefit-oriented by considering multilateral cooperation. It is hoped that all these results will contribute to the development of the field.
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Sosyal Dayanışma, Halkla İlişkiler, Kriz Iletişimi, Kurumsal Iletişim, Public Relations, Social Work, Mass Communication Campaigns, Social Solidarity, Sosyal Hizmet, Bilgi ve Iletişim Teknolojileri, Kitle Iletişim Kampanyaları, Social Services, Communication Sciences, Information and Communication Technologies, Sosyal Hizmetler, Crisis Communication, İletişim Bilimleri, Corporata Communication
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