Short-Term Autonomic Responses to Repeated Sprint Exercise Under Normobaric Hypoxia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Short-Term Autonomic Responses to Repeated Sprint Exercise Under Normobaric Hypoxia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
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Abstract
Amaç: Hipokside egzersiz fizyolojik stresi yoğunlaştırır ve oto nom sinir sistemi aktivitesini değiştirir, bu da yüksek yoğunluklu per formansın sürdürülmesi için yeterli bir toparlanma süresini gerektirir. Bu çalışma, tek bir seans normobarik hipokside tekrarlı sprint antren manına [repeated sprint trainign in normobaric hypoxia (RSH)] veri len kısa vadeli otonomik yanıtları, kalp atım hızı değişkenliği (KHD) ölçümleri aracılığıyla incelemiştir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Orta düzeyde antrenmanlı on altı erkek (yaş: 19,35±1 yıl) randomize paralel grup ta sarımında atanmıştır. Katılımcılar, normoksik veya hipoksik (FiO2=%14,5-14,7) koşullar altında bisiklet temelli bir tekrarlı sprint protokolü uygulamıştır. Protokol, 25 saniye dinlenme ve setler arasında 5 dakika aktif toparlanma ile 4 set 5 x 5 saniyelik sprintleri içermek teydi. HRV ölçümleri; bazal ölçüm, girişim günü, 48 saat ve 72 saat sonrası olmak üzere 4 zaman noktasında ölçüldü. Bulgular: Hipoksi maruziyeti, hem egzersiz (p=0,017) hem de toparlanma (p=0,023) sı rasında normalden normale aralıkların standart sapmasını (SDNN) önemli ölçüde azaltmış ve egzersiz sonrası kalp atım hızını artırmıştır (p=0,041). Dinlenimde HRV, ardışık farkların karekök ortalaması (RMSSD) için anlamlı bir zaman etkisi göstermiş (p=0,032), her iki grup da egzersizden 72 saat sonra artan parasempatik aktivite sergile miştir. Müdahaleyi takip eden 72 saatlik sürenin sonunda RMSSD, hi poksi grubunda %138 ve kontrol grubunda %76 artmıştır. Müdahaleler arasında hiçbir zaman noktasında frekans alanı parametrelerinde ista tistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark veya etkileşim gözlenmemiştir. Sonuç: RSH, normoksi ortamında yapılan aynı antrenmana kıyasla sempatik aktivasyonda daha büyük bir artışa neden olmuştur. Bu bulgular, per formans ve toparlanma süreçlerini dengelemek için hipoksik antren man seanslarının yeterli toparlanma aralıkları ile dikkatli bir şekilde planlanmasının önemini vurgulamaktadır.
Objective: Exercising in hypoxia intensifies physiolog ical stress and alters autonomic nervous system activity, requiring an adequate recovery period for maintaining high-intensity performance. This study examined the short-term autonomic responses to a single session of repeated sprint training in normobaric hypoxia (RSH), via heart rate variability (HRV) measurements. Material and Methods: Sixteen moderately trained males (age: 19.35±1 y) were assigned in a randomized parallel-group design. Participants performed a cycling based repeated sprint protocol under normoxic or hypoxic (FiO2=14.5 14.7%) conditions. The protocol included 4 sets of 5 x 5-second sprints, separated by 25 seconds of rest and 5 minutes of active recovery be tween sets. HRV was measured at 4 time points: baseline, intervention day, 48h, and 72h post-intervention. Results: Hypoxia exposure sig nificantly reduced standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN) during both exercise (p=0.017) and recovery (p=0.023), and was associated with a higher post-exercise heart rate (p=0.041). Rest ing HRV showed a significant time effect for root mean square of suc cessive differences (RMSSD) (p=0.032), with both groups displaying increased parasympathetic activity at 72h post-exercise. At the end of the 72h period following the intervention, RMSSD increased by 138% in the hypoxia group and by 76% in the control group. No statistically significant differences or interactions were observed in frequency-do main parameters at any time point between the interventions. Conclu sion: RSH elicited a greater increase in sympathetic activation compared to the same training performed in normoxia. These findings highlight the importance of carefully planning hypoxic training ses sions with adequate recovery intervals to balance performance and re covery processes.
Objective: Exercising in hypoxia intensifies physiolog ical stress and alters autonomic nervous system activity, requiring an adequate recovery period for maintaining high-intensity performance. This study examined the short-term autonomic responses to a single session of repeated sprint training in normobaric hypoxia (RSH), via heart rate variability (HRV) measurements. Material and Methods: Sixteen moderately trained males (age: 19.35±1 y) were assigned in a randomized parallel-group design. Participants performed a cycling based repeated sprint protocol under normoxic or hypoxic (FiO2=14.5 14.7%) conditions. The protocol included 4 sets of 5 x 5-second sprints, separated by 25 seconds of rest and 5 minutes of active recovery be tween sets. HRV was measured at 4 time points: baseline, intervention day, 48h, and 72h post-intervention. Results: Hypoxia exposure sig nificantly reduced standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN) during both exercise (p=0.017) and recovery (p=0.023), and was associated with a higher post-exercise heart rate (p=0.041). Rest ing HRV showed a significant time effect for root mean square of suc cessive differences (RMSSD) (p=0.032), with both groups displaying increased parasympathetic activity at 72h post-exercise. At the end of the 72h period following the intervention, RMSSD increased by 138% in the hypoxia group and by 76% in the control group. No statistically significant differences or interactions were observed in frequency-do main parameters at any time point between the interventions. Conclu sion: RSH elicited a greater increase in sympathetic activation compared to the same training performed in normoxia. These findings highlight the importance of carefully planning hypoxic training ses sions with adequate recovery intervals to balance performance and re covery processes.
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Fields of Science
0303 health sciences, 03 medical and health sciences
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WoS Q
Scopus Q
Volume
17
Issue
3
Start Page
215
End Page
223
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