İlkokul İnsan Hakları, Vatandaşlık ve Demokrasi Dersinde Çocuklar İçin Felsefe (P4C) Uygulamaları
İlkokul İnsan Hakları, Vatandaşlık ve Demokrasi Dersinde Çocuklar İçin Felsefe (P4C) Uygulamaları
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Abstract
Bu araştırmada, İnsan Hakları, Vatandaşlık ve Demokrasi dersindeki bazı kavramlara yönelik Çocuklar İçin Felsefe (P4C) Yaklaşımıyla felsefe atölyeleri hazırlanmış ve uygulamalarının etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda öğrencilerin atölye sürecinde yürütülen felsefi tartışmalardan nasıl etkilendikleri, soru sorma becerilerindeki gelişim ve sürece dair deneyimleri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada, yöntem olarak nitel araştırma yaklaşımı benimsenmiş ve özel durum deseni kullanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda felsefe atölyeleri tasarlanmış, sahada uygulanmış ve sürece ilişkin veriler toplanmıştır. Veri toplama araçları olarak, öğrenci gözlem ve görüşme formu, soru sınıflandırma formu, soru kartı ve çalışma kâğıtları kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, betimsel analiz yöntemiyle çözümlenmiş ve yorumlanmıştır. 2024-2025 eğitim öğretim yılının 1. döneminde gerçekleştirilen araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, Trabzon ili Akçaabat ilçesinde bulunan bir devlet okulunun 4. sınıfında öğrenim gören 18 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Çalışma grubu belirlenirken amaçlı örneklemin uygun durum yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Araştırma verileri, felsefe atölyelerinin öğrencilerin felsefi düşünme becerilerini olumlu yönde etkilediğini, kapalı ve açık uçlu soru üretme becerilerini ve ilgili kavramlara yönelik bilgilerini geliştirdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda, öğretim programlarında çocuklarla felsefe uygulamalarına yer verilmesi, öğretmenlerin bu konuda bilgilendirilmeleri ve uygulamaların artırılması önerilmiştir.
In this study, philosophy workshops were prepared with the Philosophy for Children (P4C) Approach for some concepts in the Human Rights, Citizenship and Democracy course and the effects of their implementation were analyzed. In this context, how the students were affected by the philosophical discussions carried out during the workshop process, the development of their questioning skills and their experiences about the process were investigated. In the study, a qualitative research approach was adopted and a special case design was used. In this context, philosophy workshops were designed, implemented in the field and data about the process were collected. Student observation and interview forms, question classification forms, question cards and worksheets were used as data collection tools. The data obtained were analyzed and interpreted using descriptive analysis method. The study group of the research, which was conducted in the first semester of the 2024-2025 academic year, consisted of 18 students studying in the 4th grade of a public school in Akçaabat district of Trabzon province. While determining the study group, the appropriate case method of purposeful sampling was preferred. The research data revealed that philosophy workshops positively affected students' philosophical thinking skills, improved their ability to generate closed and open-ended questions and their knowledge of related concepts.In line with the results obtained, it was suggested that philosophy practices with children should be included in the curriculum, teachers should be informed about this issue and practices should be increased.
In this study, philosophy workshops were prepared with the Philosophy for Children (P4C) Approach for some concepts in the Human Rights, Citizenship and Democracy course and the effects of their implementation were analyzed. In this context, how the students were affected by the philosophical discussions carried out during the workshop process, the development of their questioning skills and their experiences about the process were investigated. In the study, a qualitative research approach was adopted and a special case design was used. In this context, philosophy workshops were designed, implemented in the field and data about the process were collected. Student observation and interview forms, question classification forms, question cards and worksheets were used as data collection tools. The data obtained were analyzed and interpreted using descriptive analysis method. The study group of the research, which was conducted in the first semester of the 2024-2025 academic year, consisted of 18 students studying in the 4th grade of a public school in Akçaabat district of Trabzon province. While determining the study group, the appropriate case method of purposeful sampling was preferred. The research data revealed that philosophy workshops positively affected students' philosophical thinking skills, improved their ability to generate closed and open-ended questions and their knowledge of related concepts.In line with the results obtained, it was suggested that philosophy practices with children should be included in the curriculum, teachers should be informed about this issue and practices should be increased.
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